biology MCQs - 11th class Chapter 02 Mcqs

1

The branch of Biology that deals with the study of chemical components and processes in living organisms is called?

A

Physiology

B

Anatomy

C

Biochemistry

D

Genetics

2

What percentage of a mammalian cell is composed of water?

A

15%

B

70%

C

3%

D

4%

3

Which of these organic compounds are most abundant in living organisms?

A

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic acids

B

Water, Acids, Bases, Salts

C

Enzymes, Hormones, Metabolites

D

DNA, RNA, ATP

4

Reactions in which simpler substances are combined to form complex substances are called?

A

Catabolic reactions

B

Hydrolysis

C

Metabolic reactions

D

Anabolic reactions

5

What is the basic element of all organic compounds?

A

Hydrogen

B

Oxygen

C

Carbon

D

Nitrogen

6

The stability of carbon atoms is due to their?

A

Bivalency

B

Trivalency

C

Tetravalency

D

Monovalency

7

The C-H bond is a potential source of?

A

Mechanical support

B

Chemical energy

C

Structural stability

D

Solvent capacity

8

Large organic molecules like cellulose and fats are generally?

A

Soluble in water

B

Insoluble in water

C

Soluble in acids

D

Insoluble in organic solvents

9

What percentage of water is found in human brain cells?

A

65%

B

20%

C

89%

D

85%

10

The specific heat capacity of water is?

A

1.0 cal/g/°C

B

574 Kcal/kg

C

0.8 cal/g/°C

D

1.5 cal/g/°C

11

The heat of vaporization of water is?

A

574 Kcal/kg

B

1.0 Kcal/kg

C

717.6 Kcal/g

D

100 Kcal/kg

12

The general formula for carbohydrates is?

A

Cx(H2O)y

B

C(H2O)x

C

(CHO)n

D

CnH2nOn

13

Carbohydrates are chemically defined as?

A

Polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones

B

Polymers of amino acids

C

Esters of fatty acids

D

Polymers of nucleotides

14

The covalent bond between two monosaccharides is called a?

A

Peptide bond

B

Ester bond

C

Hydrogen bond

D

Glycosidic bond

15

Which of the following is an example of a pentose sugar?

A

Glucose

B

Fructose

C

Ribose

D

Maltose

16

When in solution, glucose forms a six-cornered ring known as?

A

Ribofuranose

B

Glucopyranose

C

Fructofuranose

D

Maltopyranose

17

Our blood normally contains what percentage of glucose?

A

0.8%

B

0.08%

C

1.0%

D

0.18%

18

How much solar energy is used to synthesize 10g of glucose during photosynthesis?

A

717.6 Kcal

B

574 Kcal

C

100 Kcal

D

313.2 Kcal

19

Which of the following is known as cane sugar?

A

Lactose

B

Maltose

C

Sucrose

D

Glucose

20

Polysaccharides are formed by many units of?

A

Amino acids

B

Fatty acids

C

Nucleotides

D

Monosaccharides

21

Which type of starch has unbranched chains of glucose and is soluble in hot water?

A

Amylopectin

B

Amylose

C

Glycogen

D

Cellulose

22

Which polysaccharide is also called 'animal starch'?

A

Cellulose

B

Chitin

C

Glycogen

D

Amylose

23

Which is the most abundant carbohydrate in nature?

A

Starch

B

Glycogen

C

Chitin

D

Cellulose

24

Lipids store how much energy compared to the same amount of carbohydrates?

A

Half the amount

B

The same amount

C

Double the amount

D

Triple the amount

25

A compound produced from the reaction of an alcohol with an acid is called an?

A

Ether

B

Aldehyde

C

Ester

D

Ketone

26

Fatty acids that contain no double bonds are known as?

A

Unsaturated fatty acids

B

Saturated fatty acids

C

Polyunsaturated fatty acids

D

Essential fatty acids

27

The melting point of palmitic acid (C16) is?

A

-8°C

B

63.1°C

C

25°C

D

100°C

28

Waxes are chemically mixtures of long-chain alkanes and?

A

Esters of long-chain fatty acids

B

Glycerol

C

Phosphoric acid

D

Amino acids

29

Phospholipids are derivatives of?

A

Sphingolipids

B

Phosphatidic acid

C

Terpenoids

D

Steroids

30

Which compounds are made up of repeating isoprenoid units?

A

Proteins

B

Carbohydrates

C

Phospholipids

D

Terpenoids

31

Proteins are polymers of which molecules?

A

Nucleotides

B

Monosaccharides

C

Fatty acids

D

Amino acids

32

How many types of amino acids are most proteins made of?

A

25

B

170

C

20

D

10

33

The bond formed between two amino acids is called a?

A

Glycosidic bond

B

Ester bond

C

Peptide bond

D

Hydrogen bond

34

Who was the first scientist to determine the sequence of amino acids in a protein?

A

Watson and Crick

B

F. Sanger

C

F. Miescher

D

Erwin Chargaff

35

A human hemoglobin molecule is composed of how many chains?

A

Two

B

Three

C

Four

D

One

36

The alpha-helix structure in proteins is an example of which level of organization?

A

Primary

B

Secondary

C

Tertiary

D

Quaternary

37

In a-helix, there are how many amino acids in each turn?

A

3.6

B

5.4

C

10

D

2.1

38

Which type of proteins are enzymes, antibodies, and hemoglobin?

A

Fibrous proteins

B

Globular proteins

C

Conjugated proteins

D

Simple proteins

39

Nucleic acids were first isolated by F. Miescher from?

A

Plant cells

B

Bacteria

C

Pus cells

D

Blood cells

40

The pentose sugar in RNA is?

A

Deoxyribose

B

Ribose

C

Glucose

D

Fructose

41

Which of the following nitrogenous bases is a purine?

A

Cytosine

B

Thymine

C

Uracil

D

Adenine

42

The two strands of a DNA molecule are held together by which type of bonds?

A

Covalent bonds

B

Ionic bonds

C

Peptide bonds

D

Hydrogen bonds

43

According to Chargaff's data, the amount of adenine in DNA is equal to the amount of?

A

Guanine

B

Cytosine

C

Thymine

D

Uracil

44

How many hydrogen bonds are formed between Guanine and Cytosine in a DNA molecule?

A

One

B

Two

C

Three

D

Four

45

The process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template is called?

A

Replication

B

Translation

C

Transcription

D

Conjugation

46

Which type of RNA carries genetic information from the nucleus to the ribosomes?

A

tRNA

B

rRNA

C

mRNA

D

snRNA

47

Which type of RNA makes up about 80% of the total RNA in a cell?

A

mRNA

B

tRNA

C

gRNA

D

rRNA

48

The combination of a carbohydrate and a protein results in a?

A

Lipoprotein

B

Glycoprotein

C

Nucleoprotein

D

Glycolipid

49

Nucleohistones, a type of nucleoprotein, are found in?

A

Ribosomes

B

Plasma membrane

C

Cytoplasm

D

Chromosomes