physics MCQs - 10th class Chapter 08 Mcqs

1

In computer terminology, processed data is called what?

A

Data

B

Information

C

Input

D

Output

2

The scientific method used to store information, arrange it for proper use, and communicate it is called?

A

Telecommunication

B

Data Processing

C

Information Technology

D

Cybernetics

3

Which of the following is NOT a component of a Computer-Based Information System (CBIS)?

A

Hardware

B

Software

C

Internet

D

People

4

The term 'hardware' refers to what part of a computer system?

A

Programs and manuals

B

Facts and figures

C

Machinery

D

Instructions and rules

5

What are machine-readable instructions that direct the hardware to produce useful information from data?

A

Software

B

Procedures

C

Data

D

Hardware

6

The transfer of information from one place to another through electronic and optical equipment is known as?

A

Data Processing

B

Information Storage

C

Flow of Information

D

System Analysis

7

In a telephone, information is sent through wires in what form?

A

Electromagnetic waves

B

Light signals

C

Electrical signals

D

Sound waves

8

Which of the following is used for satellite communication because it is not refracted by the Earth's atmosphere?

A

Radiowaves

B

Microwaves

C

Sound waves

D

Infrared waves

9

What part of a communication system processes the input signal?

A

Receiver

B

Transmission Channel

C

Destination

D

Transmitter

10

What device did Alexander Graham Bell invent in 1876 to send voice as an electrical signal?

A

Telegraph

B

Radio

C

Telephone

D

Fax machine

11

In order to send information over a long distance, it has to be superimposed on what?

A

Sound waves

B

Water waves

C

Electromagnetic waves

D

Mechanical waves

12

A fax machine transmits text and graphics to another fax machine through what medium?

A

Satellite link

B

Radio waves

C

Telephone line

D

Optical fibre

13

A cell phone is a type of radio that allows for what kind of communication?

A

One-way communication

B

Two-way communication

C

Broadcast communication

D

Satellite communication

14

The geographical area covered by a single base station in a cell phone network is known as a?

A

Cluster

B

Zone

C

Cell

D

Region

15

Waves of visible light have a much higher frequency than that of?

A

X-rays

B

Gamma rays

C

Radiowaves

D

Ultraviolet waves

16

Light travels through an optical fibre by which principle?

A

Refraction

B

Diffraction

C

Dispersion

D

Total internal reflection

17

The 'brain' of the computer, which translates instructions and performs calculations, is the?

A

RAM

B

Hard Disk

C

Motherboard

D

CPU

18

A word processing program is an example of what?

A

Hardware

B

Operating System

C

Software

D

Input Device

19

Which of these is a primary memory component that is volatile (vanishes when the computer is switched off)?

A

ROM

B

RAM

C

Hard Disk

D

Flash Drive

20

Audio and video cassettes are storage devices based on what principle?

A

Magnetism

B

Laser technology

C

Electronics

D

Optics

21

A floppy disk is considered reliable for what duration of storage?

A

Long-term storage

B

Permanent storage

C

Archival storage

D

Short-term storage

22

What are the microscopic reflecting and non-reflecting spots on a CD called?

A

Grooves and ridges

B

Pits and lands

C

Tracks and sectors

D

Dots and dashes

23

A flash drive plugs into which port on a computer?

A

Serial port

B

Parallel port

C

Ethernet port

D

USB port

24

The use of a computer to write a letter, article, or book is known as?

A

Data Managing

B

Word Processing

C

Web Browse

D

Controlling

25

What is the name for a network of networks that spreads all across the globe?

A

Intranet

B

LAN

C

WAN

D

Internet

26

What is the most common form of crime involving computers?

A

Hacking

B

Piracy

C

Theft

D

Virus creation

27

The central part of an atom containing protons and neutrons is called the?

A

Electron Shell

B

Orbit

C

Nucleus

D

Isotope

28

The number of protons in the nucleus is known as the?

A

Atomic Mass Number

B

Neutron Number

C

Nucleon Number

D

Atomic Number

29

Atoms of an element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons are called?

A

Ions

B

Isotopes

C

Molecules

D

Nuclides

30

The spontaneous emission of radiation by unstable nuclei is called?

A

Nuclear Fission

B

Nuclear Fusion

C

Natural Radioactivity

D

Ionization

31

Which type of radiation consists of a helium nucleus?

A

Alpha (α) particles

B

Beta (β) particles

C

Gamma (γ) rays

D

X-rays

32

In beta (β)-decay, what happens to the proton number Z of the parent nuclide?

A

It remains unchanged

B

It decreases by 1

C

It increases by 1

D

It decreases by 2

33

Which type of radiation has the greatest ionizing power?

A

Gamma rays

B

Beta particles

C

Alpha particles

D

X-rays

34

Which radiation has the highest penetrating ability?

A

Alpha particles

B

Beta particles

C

Gamma rays

D

All have the same

35

The time during which half of the unstable radioactive nuclei disintegrate is called?

A

Full-life

B

Decay time

C

Half-life

D

Active period

36

Artificially produced radioactive elements are called what?

A

Radioactive isotopes

B

Stable isotopes

C

Natural elements

D

Inert elements

37

Radioactive carbon-14 is used for what purpose?

A

Medical treatment

B

Tracing leaks in pipes

C

Carbon dating of fossils

D

Curing cancer

38

The process where a heavy nucleus splits into two smaller nuclei is called?

A

Nuclear fusion

B

Nuclear fission

C

Alpha decay

D

Beta decay

39

In a nuclear fission reaction of U-235, what is released besides fission fragments?

A

Alpha particles

B

Electrons

C

Neutrons

D

Protons

40

The process where two light nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus is known as?

A

Nuclear fission

B

Chain reaction

C

Nuclear fusion

D

Radioactivity

41

The energy from the Sun is primarily the result of which process?

A

Nuclear fission

B

Chemical reactions

C

Gravitational collapse

D

Nuclear fusion

42

Which part of a CBIS refers to the facts and figures used by programs?

A

Hardware

B

Software

C

Data

D

Procedures

43

Which device is used for adding, subtracting, or multiplying and works through an interaction of hardware and software?

A

Calculator

B

Abacus

C

Computer

D

Typewriter

44

Which information storage device works using laser technology?

A

Audio cassette

B

Hard disk

C

Compact Disc (CD)

D

Floppy disk

45

Which type of radiation is a stream of high-energy electrons?

A

Alpha radiation

B

Beta radiation

C

Gamma radiation

D

X-ray radiation

46

A computer program used to view web pages is called a?

A

Browser

B

Search Engine

C

Operating System

D

Word Processor

47

The illegal duplication of copyright material like software is known as?

A

Hacking

B

Theft

C

Piracy

D

Fraud

48

The atomic mass number 'A' is equal to the sum of?

A

Protons and electrons

B

Neutrons and electrons

C

Protons and neutrons

D

Only protons

49

An unstable nucleus with an excess of neutrons may eject which type of radiation?

A

Alpha radiation

B

Beta radiation

C

Gamma radiation

D

Proton radiation

50

What is the charge on an alpha particle?

A

+1e

B

-1e

C

0

D

+2e